Definition & Betydelse | Engelska ordet IONIZATION

Definition av IONIZATION

1. (fysik, kemi) jonisering

Exempel på hur man kan använda IONIZATION i en mening

• ); other categories relate to polarity, ionization, and side-chain group type (aliphatic, acyclic, aromatic, polar, etc.
• It detects ionizing radiation such as alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays using the ionization effect produced in a Geiger–Müller tube, which gives its name to the instrument.
• Soft laser desorption, a laser desorption of large molecules that results in ionization without fragmentation.
• Total hydrocarbon content, a measure of the fraction of hydrocarbons in a fluid, measured using a flame ionization detector.
• This is particularly true of high oxidation states, where the ionization energy required to produce a multiply positive ion is far greater than the energies available in chemical reactions.
• The communications blackouts that affect spacecraft re-entering the Earth's atmosphere, which are also known as radio blackouts, ionization blackouts, or reentry blackouts, are caused by an envelope of ionized air around the craft, created by the heat from the compression of the atmosphere by the craft.
• The F region of the ionosphere is home to the F layer of ionization, also called the Appleton–Barnett layer, after the English physicist Edward Appleton and New Zealand physicist and meteorologist Miles Barnett.
• In telecommunications, magneto-ionic double refraction is the combined effect of the Earth's magnetic field and atmospheric ionization, whereby a linearly polarized wave entering the ionosphere is split into two components called the ordinary wave and extraordinary wave.
• The precise Mach number at which a craft can be said to be flying at hypersonic speed varies, since individual physical changes in the airflow (like molecular dissociation and ionization) occur at different speeds; these effects collectively become important around Mach 5–10.
• alt=The solar wind moving through the magnetosphere alters the movements of charged particles in the Earth's thermosphere or exosphere, and the resulting ionization of these particles causes them to emit light of varying colour, thus forming auroras near the polar regions.
• In physics and chemistry, ionization energy (IE) is the minimum energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an isolated gaseous atom, positive ion, or molecule.
• Instruments aboard the spacecraft included a Lyman-alpha telescope, a rubidium-vapor magnetometer, electrostatic analyzers, medium-energy range particle detectors, two triple coincidence telescopes, a cosmic-ray integrating ionization chamber, cosmic dust detectors, and solar X-ray scintillation counters.
• Instruments aboard the spacecraft included a Lyman-alpha telescope, a rubidium-vapor magnetometer, electrostatic analyzers, medium-energy-range particle detectors, two triple coincidence telescopes, a cosmic-ray integrating ionization chamber, cosmic dust detectors, and scintillation counters.
• Above threshold ionization, a photoelectrochemical process ionizing an atom by an excessive number of photons.
• Aeronomy is the study of the upper layers of the atmosphere, where dissociation and ionization are important.
• The most common source of ionization is high-energy ultraviolet photons emitted from a nearby hot star.
• The hartree is approximately the negative electric potential energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state and, by the virial theorem, approximately twice its ionization energy; the relationships are not exact because of the finite mass of the nucleus of the hydrogen atom and relativistic corrections.
• Charged particles create an ionization track, around which the liquid vaporizes, forming microscopic bubbles.
• However, the molecule has been detected in the gas phase in 1988 by the dissociative ionization of diethyl sulfite.
• The first step is the ionization of alkyl halide in the presence of aqueous acetone or ethyl alcohol.

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