Definition & Betydelse | Engelska ordet SUPEROXIDE

Definition av SUPEROXIDE

1. superoxid

Exempel på hur man kan använda SUPEROXIDE i en mening

• Molecular oxygen (dioxygen) is a diradical containing two unpaired electrons, and superoxide results from the addition of an electron which fills one of the two degenerate molecular orbitals, leaving a charged ionic species with a single unpaired electron and a net negative charge of −1.
• This model predicts a different mechanism involving a pterin radical and superoxide as critical intermediates.
• Petkau conducted further experiments with simulated cells in 1976 and found that the enzyme superoxide dismutase protected the cells from free radicals generated by ionizing radiation, obviating the effects seen in his earlier experiment.
• Similarly, in roundworms (Caenorhabditis elegans), blocking the production of the naturally occurring antioxidant superoxide dismutase has been shown to increase lifespan.
• Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), also known as Bridges–Good syndrome, chronic granulomatous disorder, and Quie syndrome, is a diverse group of hereditary diseases in which certain cells of the immune system have difficulty forming the reactive oxygen compounds (most importantly the superoxide radical due to defective phagocyte NADPH oxidase) used to kill certain ingested pathogens.
• Competing with its formation, superoxide is destroyed by the action of superoxide dismutases, enzymes that catalyze its disproportionation:.
• Unlike superoxide, which can be detoxified by superoxide dismutase, the hydroxyl radical cannot be eliminated by an enzymatic reaction.
• Studies have shown that synthetic catalytic scavengers have superoxide dismutase and catalase activities which prevented injuries from reactive oxygen species, helping promote the livelihood of tissues.
• This mode gives the set more duration underwater, but is dangerous and not to be risked by civilians because of the explosively hot reaction that happens if water gets on the potassium superoxide; whereas ordinary modern diver's rebreather absorbents have been designed to avoid producing a caustic solution (commonly called "cocktail") if they get wet.
• In place of the protective enzyme superoxide dismutase present in almost all other oxygen-tolerant cells, this organism accumulates millimolar quantities of manganese polyphosphate.
• Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anions and decrease nitric oxide production in human granulocytes.
• Superoxide dismutase (or alternatively, myeloperoxidase) generates hydrogen peroxide from superoxide.
• Potassium superoxide is a source of superoxide, which is an oxidant and a nucleophile, depending on its reaction partner.
• Some of the less reactive of these species (such as superoxide) can be converted by oxidoreduction reactions with transition metals or other redox cycling compounds (including quinones) into more aggressive radical species that can cause extensive cellular damage.
• In addition to it, a rise in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes, in proportion to dose was seen in the rats, which were treated with BLCO for 21 days in a row.
• It is essentially a canister of potassium superoxide connected to one-way flow valves to an air bag and thence to the user, as in Rebreathers whose absorbent releases oxygen hereinabove.
• Most aerotolerant anaerobes have superoxide dismutase and (non-catalase) peroxidase but do not have catalase.
• Other copper proteins include some superoxide dismutases used in defense against free radicals, peptidyl-α-monooxygenase for the production of hormones, and tyrosinase, which affects skin pigmentation.
• His major discoveries have been the NADPH oxidase and causes of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD): The identity of the NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide in myeloid cells.
• In 1993, missense mutations in the gene encoding the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) were discovered in a subset of patients with familial ALS.

Förberedelsen av sidan tog: 414,58 ms.